Table of Contents
Jaaniye Depression ke 11 Prakar aur Unke Ilaj, Aasani se Samjhe Hinglish Mein. Har Depression ke 11 prakar ka Upchar, Aapke Swasthya ke Liye Mahatvaapurna
Dosto, depression ek aisi bimari hai jisse log alag-alag tariko se affected ho sakte hain. Ye halka ho sakta hai ya fir gambhir, chhota waqt ke liye ho ya fir lambe samay tak. Kuch khaas sthitiyan, jaise ki bachche ka janam ya mausam ka badalna, depression ke symptoms ko trigger kar sakti hain.
Jab koi vyakti ki in Depression ke 11 prakar ka samna karta hai, toh uske healthcare providers ko samajhna padta hai ki vyakti Depression ke 11 Prakar me se kaunsa experience kar raha hai, kyunki isse treatment ka faisla hota hai. Aur jo log depression mein diagnose hote hain, unke liye unke specific disorder ke baare mein jaankari hona faydemand hota hai.
“Logon ko lagta hai ki unhe pata chal gaya hai ki unke saath kya ho raha hai,” kehti hain Sarah Noble, DO, jo Philadelphia ke Einstein Healthcare Network mein ek psychiatrist hain. “Kam se kam unke paas yeh toh jawab hota hai ki unhe jo bhi ho raha hai, uska karan kya hai.” Yahan par hai woh sab kuch jo aapko pata hona chahiye Depression ke 11 Prakar ke baare mein.
Depression ke 11 Prakar
Major Depressive Disorder
2020 mein, lagbhag 21 million American adults ne kam se kam ek major depressive episode experience kiya tha, National Institute of Mental Health (NIHM) ke anusar. American Psychiatric Association ke diagnostic criteria ke mutabiq, logon ko kam se kam do hafton tak pareshan rahne wale paanch lakshan hone chahiye major depressive disorder ka diagnosis karne ke liye. Yeh lakshan include kar sakte hain:
- Dukh bhari bhavana, khali pan, bekarar, nirasha, aur guilt ke feelings
- Energy, bhook, ya manohar gatividhiyon mein ghatna
- Neend mein badlav
- Maut aur suicide ke vichar
Major depressive disorder ke do subtypes hote hain: “atypical depression” aur “melancholic depression.” Jo log pehle wale category mein aate hain, woh aksar zyada sote hain aur zyada khate hain. Woh bhavnaatmak roop se prateet hote hain aur bahut zyada chintit hote hain, Dr. Noble ne bataya. Wahi log jo dusre category mein aate hain, unhe neend mein dikkat hoti hai aur woh apne guilt-ridden vicharon par gahra vichar karte hain, Dr. Noble ne aur kaha. Young adults atypical depression mein prone hote hain, jabki melancholic type ko older adults mein zyada dekha jata hai.
Adhiktar cases highly treatable hote hain aur inmein se kuch dawai, therapy, ya lifestyle changes ke include ho sakte hain, National Library of Medicine (NLM) ke anusar. Lekin, major depressive disorder ke vyakti psychotherapy aur dawaiyon ke saath treatment shuru kar sakte hain.
Treatment-Resistant Depression
Kabhi-kabhi major depressive disorder ke vyakti treatment ka turant response nahi dete – unka depression ziddi taur par tikta hai. “Shayad yeh genetic ho, shayad yeh environmental ho,” Dr. Noble ne kaha. “Unka depression bas pakadta nahi hai.”
Ek January 2020 Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment study ke researchers ke mutabiq, treatment-resistant depression ka diagnosis karne ke liye, vyakti ko do asafalta ke saath guzarna padta hai pharmacotherapy trials mein. Dus shabdon mein, patients ne do alag-alag dawaiyon ko try kiya hai, aur kisi bhi dawai se unke symptoms mein koi sudhar nahi hua hai.
Logon ko treatment-resistant depression se bahar nikalne ke liye, ek thorough workup ki zarurat hoti hai takki sahi diagnosis ho sake aur unke symptoms ke anya manasik aur medical karanon ka pata lag sake. Patients ko sahi dosage aur treatment ke dawra salah di jati hai.
Agar koi dawai kaam nahi kar rahi hai, toh healthcare providers ek similar dawai ya ek alag class ki dawai ki taraf bhi koshish karenge. Patients ko doosre class ki ek aur antidepressant aur shayad ek aur tarah ki dawai, jaise ki antipsychotic, se bhi fayda ho sakta hai.
Subsyndromal Depression
Ek vyakti jo depression ke symptoms ko experience kar raha hai lekin major depression ka diagnosis pura nahi hota, use “subsyndromal” kaha jata hai. Dus shabdon mein, unke paas DSM-5-TR ke anusar “other specified depressive disorder” ho sakta hai. For example, vyakti kam se kam paanch lakshan se kam ho ya unhone do hafton se kam samay tak depression ka experience kiya ho.
“Symptoms ki jagah, main aksar functionality par dhyan deta hoon,” Dr. Noble ne aur kaha. “Kya vyakti kaam par ja sakta hai aur day-to-day jimmedariyon ka dhyan rakh sakta hai? Agar vyakti musibat mein hai, toh unhe treatment se fayda ho sakta hai, jisme dawai bhi shamil ho sakti hai,” Dr. Noble ne kaha.
Persistent Depressive Disorder
Log jo persistent depressive disorder (PDD) – pahle dysthymia ke roop mein jana jata tha – se suffer karte hain, unke paas “lagbhag har din ek kam, andhera ya udaasi bhara mood hota hai” aur kam se kam do saal tak aur depression ke do aur lakshan hote hain, MedlinePlus ke mutabiq. Bachchon aur teens mein, PDD ko tab diagnose kiya ja sakta hai jab irritability ya depression ke lakshan ek saal ya usse zyada samay tak persist karte hain. “Isme intensity mein ups and downs ho sakte hain, lekin generally yeh ek low level ka depression hota hai,” Dr. Noble ne samjhaaya.
Depression ke 11 Prakar diagnosis karne ke liye, logon ko inke paas do aur lakshan bhi hone chahiye:
- Neend mein samasyaayein (zayada ya kam)
- Kam energy ya thakan
- Kam self-esteem
- Kam bhook ya zyada khaana
- Kam concentration ya faisle lene mein dikkat
- Nirasha bhavanaayein
- Aam taur par PDD ko dawai aur psychotherapy ke combination se treat kiya jata hai.
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
Childbearing age ke lagbhag 16% log premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) experience karte hain, ek 2016 mein American Family Physician mein publish kiye gaye article ke mutabiq. Is severe PMS ke roop ko depression, dukh, chinta, ya gusse ka karan bhi kaha jata hai, saath hi dusre extreme lakshan bhi ho sakte hain, ek vyakti ke period se ek hafta pehle.
“Yeh kafi uncomfortable ho sakta hai, disable kar sakta hai, aur ek aurat ke day-to-day jeevan mein interfer kar sakta hai,” kehti hain Dorothy Sit, MD, psychiatry aur behavioral sciences mein associate professor Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago mein.
Vaigyanikon ka manna hai ki in logon ko apne menstrual cycle ke doran hormonal parivartano ke prati asamanya sensitivity ho sakti hai. Antidepressants, khaaskar selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), inke periods se do hafton pahle ya poore mahine ke liye lene se bahut prabhavit ho sakte hain, Dr. Sit ke mutabiq. Kuch prakar ke contraception aur pain relievers bhi lakshanon mein madad kar sakte hain.
Bipolar Disorder se Depression
Bipolar disorder mein depressive episodes ke lakshan mood aur energy mein wide swings hote hain, euphoria se lekar nirasha tak. Is prakar ke depression ka diagnosis dene ke liye, vyakti ko kam se kam ek mania ka daur (ek samay ka avastha jisme energetic behavior hota hai) ka anubhav hona chahiye.
Bipolar disorder aksar young adulthood mein dikhai deta hai. Bipolar disorder bina treatment ke badhta hai, lekin mood stabilizers, antipsychotic dawaiyan, aur talk therapy ke saath ise control mein kiya ja sakta hai. NIMH ke anusar, in particular depressive lakshan ko antidepressants ke saath bhi treat kiya ja sakta hai.
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
Chillane aur gusse ki bharpoor tantrums disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) ke features ho sakte hain, jo ek prakar ka depression hai jo bachchon mein diagnosed hota hai jo apne emotions ko regulate karne mein mushkil mein hain. Dusre lakshan mein shamil hain roj adhe se zyada samay tak chidchidi ya gusse wala mood aur school, ghar, ya peers ke saath samasyaayein.
“Ye bacche hain jo apne emotions ko control nahi kar paate hain,” Dr. Noble ne kaha. “Unhe apne emotions ko rokne mein aur unpar amal karne mein asamarthi hain.”
NIMH ke mutabiq, DMDD ko medications, psychotherapy, aur parent training ke dawra treat kiya jata hai, jismein bacche ke irritability ke vyavhaar ka kaise sahi taur par deal karna hai, sikhaya jata hai.
Postpartum (ya Perinatal) Depression
Bacche ka janam toh badi khushi lekar aata hai lekin kabhi-kabhi postpartum depression (PPD) ka bhi samna karna padta hai, jise “baby blues” bhi kehte hain, Office on Women’s Health (OWH) ke mutabiq. Jabki ye khali aur bhavnaahin hone ke feelings bacche ko janm dene ke pehle teen se paanch dinon tak samanya hain, toh OWH ke mutabiq agar ye feelings do hafton se zyada tak chalte hain, toh isey PPD kahte hain.
Aur PPD kafi aam hai. OWH ke mutabiq, ek mein se nau mahilaayein PPD ka samna karti hain. Logon mein jo haal hi mein maa bani hain, unhe postpartum depression hone ke piche hormones mein badlav, thakan, aur doosre karan ho sakte hain.
Postpartum depression kisi bhi samay pahle saal mein shuru ho sakti hai, lekin aam taur par yeh naye bacche ke aane ke turant baad dikhai deti hai. Jab ye bhavnaayein bahut extreme ho jati hain, toh vyakti ko khud ko ya apne bacche ko nuksan pahunchane ke vichar bhi aa sakte hain, saath hi aur bhi lakshan hote hain. Isey postpartum psychosis kehte hain, OWH ke mutabiq.
“Baby blues” ke comparison mein – jo ek halka, chhota aur turant baad bacche ke janam ke samay anxiety aur depressive lakshan paida karta hai – PPD ko aam taur par antidepressants, talk therapy, ya dono ke saath treatment ki zarurat hoti hai. BetterHelp ek top-reviewed online therapy option hai jo naye maaon ko mushkil samayon mein guide karne aur treatment ke vikalpon ko pradan karne mein madad karti hai.
Seasonal Affective Disorder
Seasonal affective disorder (SAD), ya seasonal depression, ek aise prakar ka depression hai jo aksar kharij ya sardi mein hota hai, lekin garmi mein bhi ho sakta hai. SAD ke vyaktiyon ke mood mein badlav ke saath-saath unka energy bhi kam hota hai. Unhe zyada khaane ka mann ho sakta hai, zyada soye, carbs ka khayal ho sakta hai, vyaavhaar mein akela rah sakte hain.
NIMH ke anusar, females, younger adults, aur woh log jo jagahon mein din ke kam ghante hote hain, SAD ke adhik risk mein hote hain. SAD bhi kisi pariwar mein chal sakta hai. Aur SAD ke lakshan Daylight Savings Time ke liye clock ko reset karne ke baad badh sakte hain.
SAD ka diagnosis kam se kam do saalon ke recurring, seasonal lakshan ke baad hota hai. Jabki yeh bilkul saaf nahi hai ki iska karan kya hai, research ne sujhav diya hai ki yeh brain chemical serotonin ke
Psychotic Depression
Psychotic depression matlab woh depression hai jismein bahut zyada sadness hoti hai aur saath hi saath aapko kuch cheezein dikhai deti hain ya sunai deti hain jo asli mein nahi hoti. Ismein hallucinations bhi hote hain, jaise kisi cheez ko dekhna ya sunna jo asli mein nahi hota, aur delusions bhi hote hain, jaise galat belief rakhna. Ye ek subtype hai Major Depressive Disorder ka.
Dr. Noble ke ek patient ne bataya ki do saal tak treatment chalane ke baad bhi, usne confess kiya ki ek saal tak usne apne father ke banaye khaane nahi khaya kyunki usko lagta tha ki wo usko poison kar rahe hain. Aur ye aurat bilkul thik thi, bas usko fully treat nahi kiya gaya tha uske psychotic depression ka.
Normally, doctors antidepressants aur antipsychotic medicines milake prescribe karte hain psychotic depression ka treatment karne ke liye. Lekin har kisi ko ye treatments pe response nahi milta.
Researchers ab electrotherapy ko bhi explore kar rahe hain psychotic Depression ke 11 prakar ka treatment ke liye. Electrotherapy mein, jab koi anesthesia mein hota hai, toh chhote currents of electricity brain ko bheje jaate hain, National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) ke mutabiq. Ek November 2020 ko Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics article ke mutabiq, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) bhi thoda effective sabit hua hai (jyada effective non-community settings mein).
Illness ka samna karne se Depression
Serious chronic diseases jaise ki heart disease, cancer, multiple sclerosis, aur HIV/AIDS ke saath jina depressing ho sakta hai khud mein. Ek September 2021 BMC Psychiatry study ke researchers ne bataya ki jo log chronic diseases ke saath diagnosed hote hain, unme depression hone ka chance zyada hota hai.
Disease-related inflammation bhi depression ka reason ho sakta hai. Inflammation se immune system chemicals release karta hai jo brain mein jaate hain aur wahaan brain changes ko trigger karte hain jo kuch logon mein Depression ke 11 prakar ko badha sakte hain, Dr. Noble ne samjhaaya. Antidepressants life ko lamba karne mein aur functioning ko improve karne mein madad kar sakte hain, Dr. Noble ne kaha, aur therapy se bahut se patients mental aur physical illnesses ke saath cope kar sakte hain.
Nishkarsh
Depression ke 11 prakar kai alag alag forms mein aati hai. Agar aapko lagta hai ki aap ya aapka koi pyaara ismein giraftaar hai, toh ek mental health professional aapki evaluation complete karke aapko diagnosis aur treatment ka sahi raasta batane mein madad kar sakta hai